Chinese contemporary understanding of education
educate(Education) In the narrow sense, school education organized specialized in organizations; in a broad sense, social practice activities that affect people’s physical and mental development.
Contemporary elementary school class in China
Educators in accordance with laws and regulations and industry specifications, according to the conditions and title of schools, and the purpose of planning and organizing the mental development of the educated people to teach people with existing experience and knowledge to explain various phenomena and phenomena for themProblems or behaviors to improve practical ability, which is based on a person’s relatively mature or rational thinking to understand and treat things.Among them, people slowly touched a state of understanding of one thing from the senses to cognitive understanding, and form a relatively complete or rational self -conscious thinking.But at the same time, people have self -conscious thinking and their self -sensory dimensions. Therefore, any educational consciousness thinking may not be absolutely correct, but should understand the direction of their thinking emotionally, as long as he does not deviate the inside of things.
Education is also a teaching of thinking, and because people have their own ideology, they have another thinking trend. ThereforeAs for the excessive deviation and gradually mature and rational due to the richness of thinking, and thus move towards the most rational self and have the most correct thinking cognition. This is the fundamental of education.Education is also a process of teaching and educating people. It can teach others to others, and then can be able to get what you think in your own life experience.Education is a practical activity that improves people’s comprehensive quality.
After reading these three paragraphs, as a reader, do you have a clear understanding of education?What exactly is education?What is the essence of education?How to do a good job?It can be said that you cannot find the answer from it, and your understanding of education is still abstract rather than specific, vague, not clear.
Ancient China’s understanding of education
Teach, go to the place,,The effect is also effective;Meaning: Teaching, teachers and professor students’ imitation; training, so that many disciples are engaged in beneficial things.Teaching is not only exerted up and down, that is, it has a large inculcation ingredient, but also has a doctrine, compulsory, and is too much.Education, raising and making goodness, good is already standardized, authoritative, and insurmountable.In comparison, the taught tells the subject of what to do, and the education told the recipient to do.The angle of departure is different.On the whole, “teaching” with strong autocracy, “education”, and autocracy.This is the explanation of education by Xu Shen, a well -known scientist and writer in the Eastern Han Dynasty.
The Han Dynasty was the second leader of the ancestors of the Fa -dynasty. Xu Shen was right.It is not difficult to understand such an explanation of “teaching” and “education”, but from the Analects of Confucius that the education of pre -Qin Dynasty still has democratic colors.Confucius was the first person in education in Chinese history. The education method of disciples was not instilled, but inspiration.
With the disintegration of the feudal division and feudal system, the rise of the centralized patriarchal dictatorship, the autocracy of ancient Chinese education is getting stronger and stronger, and the democratic colors are getting lighter.The ideology of education has led to the backwardness of modern science and technology in China.
Western understanding of education
In the West, the term education comes from LatinEducate, Prefix “E“The meaning of” out “means” leading “or” export “, which means that” a certain means “” “” “” “” “” “” “” “” “” “” “” “” “” “” “” “” “” “” “” “” “” “” “” “” “” “” “” “” “” “” “,” to cause something that was originally dived from the body and the heart.
From the perspective of the word source, the WestThe term “education” is the meaning of internal hair.Emphasizing education is a kind of natural activity, and aims to cause the inherent or potential quality of natural people from the inside out to become a realistic development state.
In the specific practice of Western education, most of them are based on humanistic thoughts. Since childhood, they have trained people’s practice and analysis ability, encourage the freedom of ideas, and are responsible for their own words and deeds.The role of teachers is mainly guidelines. Often, they often discuss issues with students like good friends. For students’ questions, they often refer to the library to ask students to find information by themselves.Affects students’ independent thinking.The family homework often done by elementary school students in European and American countries is an experimental report. What do you study, how do you do, observe what results and conclusions, what documents you have, and so on.The objects and problems of the study are very small, often just a rolling of a pencil, the dissolution of sugar and salt.It the greatest possibility to protect the root of human creativity——The freedom and autonomy of thought.
Let’s take a look at the main tendencies of European and American education ideas in the 17th and eighteenth centuries.The answer is that the main tendency is to give full play to the innate nature of a person, that is, to know yourself; the other tendency is to use later education to inspire a person to pursue the true true meaning of life.
Chinese education emphasizes“Professor” is mainly indoctrination; Western education emphasizes “guidance”, mainly inspiration.Material determines consciousness.The very different geopolitical characteristics of Chinese and Western politics determine the huge contrast of education understanding, thus creating the leading position of modern Eastern and Western civilization in the world.
What regrets the Chinese people is that to this day, this contrast is not narrowing, but is expanding.
Everyone’s understanding of education in ancient and modern Chinese and foreign
In the understanding of education, scholars of all countries are sincere.Here, the more influential list is listed.It can be seen that since ancient times, China has not lacked people who have insight into education.
Aristotle in ancient Greece:“Education follows nature.”
Plato in ancient Greece:“Education is constraints and guiding young people to cultivate their legitimate rationality.” “Initial education should be an entertainment, so that it is easier for a person to find a natural hobby.”
Rousseau in France:“Society is a book, and the fact is the textbook.”
Herbat in Germany:“The purpose of human beings is multi -faceted, and what teachers care about are many aspects.”
BritishDarwinThe“The most valuable knowledge is about methods.“
Spencer in the UK:“Education is prepared for future life.”
Dewey in the United States:“Education is life.” “Education is a tool for the continuation of social life.” “After a person leaves the school, education should not be stopped.” “As long as the school and life are linked, then all disciplines will inevitably connect.”The ultimate purpose of all education is to form personality.”
Former Soviet Macianke:“One percent of the waste in education will cause serious losses to the country.”
American writer Sai Pearl (Pell· Booker): “The intention of education is not the accumulation of knowledge, but the development of mental ability.”
Former Soviet Union Suhomlinsky:“Can’t turn the spiritual world of children into simply learning knowledge. If we strive to make all the spiritual forces of children focus on their homework, his life will become tolerated.A person who has many interests, demands, and desires. “” A good teacher is a person who knows psychology and education. “
Confucius attaches great importance to education, and he takes education, population, wealth as the three major elements of the country.He believes that ordinary people should be educated, and these ideas have moved a big step forward than the era of slavery.Confucius acknowledged that knowledge and morality were cultivated by learning. Education was an important reason for the individual differences of people. Therefore, he said:“Sexuality is similar, Xi Xiangyuan is also far”, his “education and no class” claim also originally originated from the idea of “sex similar”.
Confucius lecture
Zeng Zi:“The way of university is in Mingming, in the people, and at the best.”
Wang Guowei:“What is the purpose of education? Just make people complete. What is a complete person? It means that human ability is all underdeveloped and reconciled.. It developed its body and shrinks its spirit, or its spirit is not so -called.
Cai Yuanpei:“Education is the ability to help educate him to develop his own ability, complete his personality, and can fulfill the responsibility of parts in human culture.It is not academic performance, but a sound personality cultivation.Educator,,Instead of adhering to,,Non -unbinding is naturalItemsIncorporate,,RatherEssence“
Lu Xun:“Education is to stand up.” “Children’s education is mainly understanding, guidance and liberation.”
Tao Xingzhi:“‘Life is education’, he not only explored theoretically, but also worked hard to practice civilian education with the spirit of” Gan Dang Camel “.” “Education is based on life,” life is education ‘, “society is school’,’Teaching and doing a’ Life Education ‘, cultivating people with ability, thinking ability and creativity. “Good gentleman is not teaching, not teaching students, but teaching students.“
Zhong Qiquan:“Education is the foundation of laid the‘ student development ’and‘ personality growth ’.”
Qin Wenjun:“Education should be a door, push it away, full of sunlight and flowers, it can bring confidence and happiness to children.”
Nie Shengzhe:“Excellence is taught, and family education is particularly important. In fact, family education is the foundation of a person in the future. From the perspective of the total education of life, the importance of family education accounts for80%The gravity.Family education is not so complicated. It is labor education. Two things, do housework, learn hard, start with feeding education.”
Huang Quanyu:“Education” “important is not to load the car in the car, but inject oil from the fuel tank.”
Li Zhuang:“Education is forced or guided the educators to accept specific knowledge, rules, information, skills, skills, etc.”
What is the essence of education
Why understand the essence of education
What is the essence of education?The ancient and modern Chinese and foreign scholars do not understand the different understanding of China and the West.Can you have a highly summarized and clear logic at a glance?
We need to know a reality, and Western education is also disadvantaged.It focuses on analysis and lacks the cultivation of comprehensive thinking ability.The analysis is like a ray, and the direction is determined, and step by step, rarely reflect on the starting point; it“Hi New and Idestion”, attach importance to the development of individual innovation ability, does not pay much attention to the accumulation of existing knowledge, ignore the cultivation of individual comprehensive thinking and horizontal thinking ability to a certain extent.
We need to know another reality. Western education is greatly ahead of China as a whole.Whether in the field of social sciences or natural sciences, the achievements of western society are difficult for us to look back.For example, the cutting -edge breakthrough of basic scientific research, key core technology, and productive forces.In terms of ideology, culture and art, the gap is equally obvious. For example, the inheritance and development of film and national culture, the Nobel Prize in Literature.Although Western education does not pay much attention to the accumulation of existing knowledge, all the disciplines in the West have been systematized. Literature, philosophy, painting, music, and natural science… All disciplines have a complete system.Such a set of logical and neat social and natural science systems are doomed to rule the world in this historical node.Because Western education cultivates the masters of knowledge rather than knowledge.(Create a person with strong knowledge is the master of knowledge. People who have learned a lot of knowledge and creating weak knowledge are slaves of knowledge)
It is a fact that Western education leads to China is not unreasonable.Not because Western understands the essence of education very accurately and thoroughly, but because we have not clarified the nature of education.We must figure it out, because our Chinese civilization has been known in the world for a long time, but it is not now, but Western civilization will not let go of Chinese civilization.Otherwise, for the Chinese nation, it will be a disaster!
Essence of education
Education is divided into three levels: the top layer is to teach students ‘knowledge; the middle layer is to teach students to learn methods to improve their learning ability; the bottom layer is also the core layer, that is, students’ physical and mental health education.Students’ physical and mental health is the fundamental starting point and destination point of education. This is the fundamental idea and fundamental method I think about the fundamental thinking of education.Therefore, from the perspective of social science, the essence of education is to promote the healthy development of the trainees to improve the learning ability, thereby improving the accumulation of knowledge and improving the ability of thinking to cultivate the ability to create new knowledge; from the perspective of natural science, the essence of education, the essence of educationIt is to allow the teachers’ nervous system to accept reasonable stimuli to make the nerve links as much as possible and grow as healthy as possible.As a result, the essence of Chinese education is to cultivate Yan and Huang descendants who have strong physical and mental health with the ability to create new knowledge!
In specific educational practice, knowledge should be placed in an important position, the learning ability is placed in a critical position, and physical and mental health should be placed in the core position.Whether it is educating others or self -education, it is divided into two steps for each education practice.In the first step, we must first consider whether it is good for students’ physical and mental health.First, check the learning effect, and then check the learning method based on the learning effect to improve the learning ability. Finally, check whether it is conducive to the physical and mental health of students, and it will be crowned.In this way, complete a complete and correct educational activity.Remember that each education activity is a complete closed loop. Students’ physical and mental health is the fundamental starting point and home point of education.Only by the professor and inspiration can the best results be achieved.In this way, the students of our education are developed in an all -round way. They have the accumulation of knowledge, innovative ability, but also growing physical and mental health. Teachers are no longer just the communicator of knowledge or engineers of human souls.Knowledge slaves, but the master of knowledge.
It is important to emphasize that it is not only a narrow understanding to do a broad understanding of education, because education belongs to both the social science category and the category of natural sciences.Otherwise, for the country, families, and individuals, they must suffer a lot.Education in a broad sense believes that all activities that enhance people’s knowledge and skills, affect the physical and mental development of people, and affect people’s ideological ideas have educational effects.The narrow education is a social activity that affects people’s physical and mental development as the direct goal, mainly refers to school education.We must adhere to the education of generalThe concept of “natural things and social Vientiane can educate people”.
Knowledge is accumulated in the left brain, and the appearance accumulates in the right brain
